Henry Brougham

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Henry Peter Brougham, 1778-1868.

Scottish lawyer, essayist, liberal reformer, education pioneer and Whig statesman.

("Brougham" is generally today pronounced as the monosyllabic "broom", although if Lord Byron has it right, its northern, Scottish root should be the two-syllable "brew-am", itself a softening of the older "brooch-ham" or "bruff-ham", in turn a corruption of the ancient Saxon estate of Burgham in Westmoreland).

Henry Brougham was born in Edinburgh, to a family of ancient but otherwise unremarkable English gentry in Cumberland. His father, Henry Brougham Sr, whom Henry Jr. later derided as a "weak man", had no profession, but simply taken residence in Edinburgh. After being educated in the High School of the city, Henry Brougham enrolled at the University of Edinburgh. Brougham demonstrated an early penchant for science - a paper on optics was published in the Transactions of the Royal Society still within his first year, at the tender age of 17. After a couple of more papers, Brougham was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in March 1803. But Brougham lay his scientific interests aside, and embarked on a legal career in 1800, being called to the Scotch bar 1802.

To support himself during his legal studies, Brougham set about writing. His first treatise, on colonial economic policy (1803) started him off. He hoped to set himself up as an expert on colonial trade issues. It exhibited the imprint of the Scottish school, but not all the way. Despite his well-directed attack on the slave trade and mercantilism, Brougham defended the retention of the colonies (in opposition to Smith and Tucker), seeing them consistent with the principles of free trade and useful for excess population and the maintenance of industrial profits.

Brougham's real breakthrough was in founding, together with Edinburgh friends Sydney Smith, Francis Horner and Francis Jeffrey, The Edinburgh Review, in 1802. Brougham contributed numerous articles to the Review and helped set it on its path as the prominent Whig quarterly (in contrast to its Tory rival Quarterly Review). In the early years, Brougham wrote most of the economics articles of the Edinburgh Review, particularly those relating to colonial policy, until John Ramsay McCulloch joined the Review in 1818. Beyond economics, Brougham was indefatigable contributor on science and literature. Brougham authored the famously humiliating critique of the young Lord Byron's poetry in the 1808 Review, to which Byron replied with his biting English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. Brougham's later vicious critique of another romantic poet, John Keats, is said to have killed him.

Brougham carried on his legal career through the early years of the Review. But finding Scotland confining, Henry Brougham eventually moved to London, where he enrolled at Lincoln's Inn in 1807 and was called to the English bar. One of Brougham's early English cases was the celebrated petition of British merchants in the House of Commons in early 1808 against the Orders in Council, blockading trade with French ports.

Brougham's legal reputation and the success of the Edinburgh Review gave Brougham entry into the political world. He gravitated quickly into the circle of Foxite Whigs, now led by Charles Grey (Earl Grey) and Henry Petty FitzMaurice (Marquess of Lansdowne). With their help, Henry Brougham was elected a Whig member of parliament in 1810 via a rotten borough. Brougham participated in the Bullionist debate in 1811. He ran for a competitive seat in Liverpool in 1812, but lost. But be returned to parliament again in 1816, and would hold a series of seats, continuously remaining in parliament until 1830. Brougham made a reputation for himself as a Whig leader in the House of Commons, a powerful orator and ardent promoter of laissez-faire, anti-slavery, tort and educational reform But to the general English public, Brougham was perhaps best known as the defender of Queen Caroline against charges of adultery in 1820.

Brougham was a comrade and popularizer of the London classical economists, notably J.R. McCulloch, James Mill and Harriet Martineau. Brougham was a founder of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (SDUK) in 1825 and University College London in 1828.

In 1830, Brougham was brought into Earl Grey's Whig cabinet as Lord Chancellor (effectively, minister of justice), and raised to a peerage in the process as the first "Baron Brougham and Vaux". Brougham moved his ground of operations from Commons to Lords. He was a a leading figure behind the Parliamentary Reform bill of 1832, the abolition of slavery act of 1833 and the expansion of the jurisdiction of Old Bailey. He remained Chancellor under Viscount Melbourne's government in 1834, but was vacated at the end of that year when Peel's Tories took office.

Brougham spent his post-ministerial years in the House of Lords, authoring treatises on natural theology and sketches of the men he had known, including David Ricardo ("not overtopping all others in learning, nor entitled to be reckoned a man of genius", in Brougham's estimation).

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Major Works of Henry P. Brougham

"Experiments and observations on the inflection, reflection and colours of light", 1796, Phil Trans of Royal Society (v.86), p.227
"Farther experiments and observations on the affections and properties of light", 1797, Phil Trans of Royal Society (v.87), p.352
"General theorems, chiefly porisms, in the higher geometry", 1798, Phil Trans of Royal Society (v.88), p.378
[Anon],"Art 27 - Crisis of the Sugar Colonies", 1802, Edinburgh Review (No.1, Oct), p.216
[Anon] "Art 9 - "Politique des Tous le Cabinets de l'Europe - on Balance of Powers", 1803, Edinburgh Review (No.2, Jan),p.345
[Brougham & Ivory] "Art. 12 - Woodhouse's Imaginary Quantities", 1803, Edinburgh Review (No.2, Jan) p.407
[Anon], "Art 11 - Guineas an Unnecessary and Expensive Incumbrance on Commerce", 1803, Edinburgh Review (No.3, Apr), p.101 (reviewed book)
[Anon], "John Wheatley's Remarks on Currency and Commerce", 1803, Edinburgh Review (No. 5, Oct), p.231
An Inquiry into the Colonial Policy of European Powers, 1803, v.1, v.2
[Anon] "Art 5 - Karamsin's Travels in Europe", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No. 6, Jan), p.323
[Anon, prob] "Art 17 - "Hatchett on the Gold Coin", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No. 6, Jan), p.452 (reviewed book)
[Anon] "Art 19 - Bishop Watson on the National Debt", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No. 6, Jan), p.468 (reviewed book)
[Prob] - "Art 5 - Morgan's Comparative View of the Public Finances", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No.7, Apr), p.75
[Anon] "Art 8 - Lord Lauderdale's Inquiry on Public Wealth", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No.8, Jul), p.343
[Anon] "Art 15 - Barrow's Travels in Southern Africa", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No.8, Jul), p.443
[Prob] "Art 1 - Plans of National Improvement &c.", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No.9, Oct) p.1 (reviewed work)
[Anon] "Art 5 - Kotzebue's Travels to Paris", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No.9, Oct) p.78
[Prob] "Art 8 - O'Connor's Present State of Great Britain", 1804, Edinburgh Review (No.9, Oct), p.104 (reviewed work)
[Anon] Art 2 - Venturi Sopra i Colori", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 11, Apr) p.20
[Anon] Art 4 - Fontana, sopra un problema Euleriana", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 11, Apr) p.50
[Prob.] Art. 6 - Talleyrand sur les colonies", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 11, Apr) p.63 (reviewed work bnf)
[No attrib, poss by Fetter] Art. 10 - "Toulongeon, Sur l'Usage du Numeraire", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 11, Apr), p.112 (reviewed work)
[Prob] "Art 2 - "Lord Lauderdale's Hints to the Manufacturers" 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 12, Jul), p.283
[Anon] "Art 8 - Examen de l'Esclavage", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 12, Jul) p.311 (reviewed work, v.1, v.2)
[Anon] "Art 11 -"De Langes Statitici per i Tetti", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 12, Jul), p.386
[Anon] Thoughts suggested by Lord Lauderdale's Observations upon the Edinburgh Review, 1805 [bk]
[Anon] "Art 4 - Leslie's Inquiry into the Nature of Heat", 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 13, Oct), p.63
[Anon] "Art 15 - Thiebault, Memoires de Frederic le Grand" 1805, Edinburgh Review (No. 13, Oct), p.218
[Prob] "Art 1 - Lord Liverpool on the Coin", 1806, Edinburgh Review, (No. 14, Jan), p.265 (reviewed work)
[Anon] "Art 8 -Life of Dr. Johnson", 1806, Edinburgh Review, (No. 14, Jan), p.436
[Anon] "Art 10 -Kotzebue's Travels in Italy", 1806, Edinburgh Review, (No. 14, Jan), p.456
An Inquiry into the State of the Nation at the commencement of the present administration, 1806 [3rd ed, 4th ed, 5th ed, 7th ed]
[Anon] "Art 15 - An Inquiry into the State of the Nation",1806, Edinburgh Review, (No. 15, Apr), p.190 (reviewed work)
[Anon] "Art 2 - Lemaistre's Travels", 1806, Edinburgh Review, (No. 16, Jul), p.254
[Anon] "Art 8 - Dutens - Memoires d'un Voyageur", 1806, Edinburgh Review, (No. 16, Jul), p.345
[Anon] "Art 1 - Grentz on the State of Europe", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 18, Jan), p.253
[Anon] "Art 3 - Dr Pinkard on the West Indies",1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 18, Jan), p.304
[Anon] "Art 5 - Turnbull's Voyage Around the World", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 18, Jan), p.332
[Anon] "Art 13 - Wilberforce on the Abolition of the Slave Trade" 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 19, Apr) p.199 (reviewed work)
[Anon] "Art 1 - Thornton's Present State of Turkey", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 20, Jul) p.249
[Anon] "Art 8 - Dumourier, Judgment de Bonaparte", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 20, Jul) p.368
[Anon] ] "Art 11 - Burnett's View of the Present State of Poland", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 20, Jul) p.438
[Anon] "Art 13 - Savage's Account of New Zealand", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 20, Jul) p.471
[Anon] "Art. 1 - Randolph and others on the Neutral Questions" 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 21, Oct) p.1
[Anon] "Art 6 - Semple's Travels in Spain", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 21, Oct) p.88
[Prob] "Art 9 - Sir W Young and Others on West Indian Affairs", 1807, Edinburgh Review, (No. 21, Oct) p.145 (reviewed works: Young's Book [bk], Bosanquet Letter [bk], Bosanquet's Thoughts, [bk], Lowe's Inquiry [bk])
[Anon] "Art. 2 - Lord Byron's Poems", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.22, Jan), p.285 [1820 offpr]
[Anon] "Art 4 - Huber on Bees", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.22, Jan), p.319
[Prob] "Art 14 - Examination of the Late Orders in Council", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.22, Jan), p.484
The Speech of Henry Brougham, Esq. before the House of Commons, Friday, April 1, 1808, in Support of the Petitions from London, Liverpool and Manchester Against the Orders in Council, 1808 [av]
Orders in Council; or, an examination of the justice, legality, and policy of the new system of commercial regulations, with an appendix of state papers, statutes, and authorities, 1808 [bk]
[Anon] "Art 12- Heriot's Travels in Canada", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.23, Apr), p.212
[No attrib, poss by Fetter] "Art 13 - Baring and others on the Orders in Council", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.23, Apr), p.225 (reviewed works: Baring [bk], Erskine [bk], Brougham's speech [av])
[Anon] "Art 3 - MacGill's Travels in Turkey", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.24, Jul), p.318
[Anon] "Art 11 - Mr. Whitbread's Letter on Spain", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.24, Jul), p.433
[Anon] "Art 7 - Pamphlets on West Indian Affairs" 1809, Edinburgh Review (No.26, Jan), p.382 [reviewed works: Spence [bk], Bell [bk])
[Anon] "Art 11 - Lord Sheffield and others on Foreign Affairs", 1809, Edinburgh Review (No.28, Jul) p.442
[Brougham & Jeffrey] "Art 8 - Semple's Second Journey to Spain", 1810, Edinburgh Review (No. 30, Jan), p.384
[Anon] "Art 5 - Erskine's Speeches", 1810, Edinburgh Review (No. 31, Apr), p.102
[Prob] "Art 8 - Rose on the influence of the crown", 1810, Edinburgh Review (No. 31, Apr), p.187
[Anon] "Art 4 - Clarke's Travels", 1810, Edinburgh Review (No. 32, Aug), p.334
[Anon] "Art 9 - African Institution", 1810, Edinburgh Review (No. 32, Aug), p.430
[Anon] "Art 8 - Papers on the Stone", 1810, Edinburgh Review (No. 33, Nov), p.156
[Anon] "Art 5 - Jacob's Travels in Spain", 1811, Edinburgh Review (No. 35, May), p.123
[Anon] "Art 9 - Sir Robert Wilson on the Russian Army", 1811, Edinburgh Review (No. 35, May), p.230
[Brougham & Drummond] "Art 7 - Campaigns of 1809", 1811, Edinburgh Review (No. 36, Aug), p.392
[Anon] "Art 1 - Education of the Poor", 1811, Edinburgh Review (No. 37, Nov) p.1
[Anon] "Art 5 -West Indian Slavery", 1811, Edinburgh Review (No. 37, Nov) p.129
[Anon] "Art 8 - Mr Brande's Papers in Philosophical Transactions", 1811, Edinburgh Review (No. 37, Nov) p.198
[Prob] "Art 2 - Disputes with America", 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 38, Feb) p.290
[Anon] "Art 4 - Speeches of Lord Erskine", 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 38, Feb) p.339
[Anon] "Art 2 - Negotiations for a Ministry", 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 39, Jul) p.29
[Anon] "Art 8 - Parliamentary Reform", 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 39, Jul) p.127 (Roscoe letter to Brougham)
[Anon] "Art 12 - Of Peace", 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 39, Jul) p.213
[Anon] "Art 8 - Rights and Duties of the People", 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 40, Nov) p.405
##[Anon] "Randolph and Other Neutral Questions", 1807, Edinburgh Review
## [Anon. prob.] "Sir W. Young and others on West Indian Affairs", 1807,
## [Anon. prob.] "Examination of Late Orders in Council", 1808, Edinburgh Review
## [Anon. prob.] "Baring and Others on the Orders of Council", 1808, Edinburgh Review
## [Anon] "Art. II - Lord Byron's Poems", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.22, Jan), p.285
##[Anon], "Pamphlets on West Indian Affairs", 1809
## [Anon], "Rose on the Influence of the Crown", 1810, Edinburgh Review
[Anon, prob.] "Education Committee and Abuse of Charities", 1819
[Anon], "Newspaper Tax", 1835, Edinburgh Review
[Anon.], "Abolition of the Church Rates", 1837, Edinburgh Review
#[Anon] "Art. II - Lord Byron's Poems", 1808, Edinburgh Review (No.22, Jan), p.285 [1820 offpr]
[Anon] An Appeal to the Allies, and the English Nation, in Behalf of Poland, 1814 [bk]
A Letter to Sir Samuel Romilly, M.P. from Henry Brougham, Esq. M.P. F.R.S., upon the Abuse of Charities, 1818 [bk]
Appendix to Mr. Brougham's Letter, containing Minutes of Evidence taken before the Education Committee, 1818 [bk]
The Speech of Henry Brougham, Esq. M.P., in the House of Commons, May 8, 1818, on the Education of the Poor, and Charitable Abuses, 1818 [bk]
[Anon] Forman: A tale, 1819 v.1, v.2, v.3
"Mr. Brougham's speech in the House of Lords, October 3d and 4th, 1820", in Speeches of Mr. Brougham, Mr. Denman, and Dr. Lushington, containing the Defence of Her Majesty the Queen, 1820 [bk]
Abstract of Mr. Brougham's Education Bills, 1821 [bk]
Substance of Mr. Brougham's Speech, in the House of Commons, February 4, 1823, upon the war with Spain, 1823 [bk]
Inaugural Discourse of Henry Brougham at Glasgow, 1825 [bk]
Practical Observations on the Education of the People, addressed to the working classes and their employers, 1825 [bk] [1838 v.2, p.130]
Opinion of Henry Brougham, Esq. On Negro Slavery, 1826 [bk]
[Anon] A Discourse of the objects, advantages, and pleasures of science, 1827 [bk] [1828 ed]
A Speech on the Present State of the Law of the Country, delivered in the House of Commons on Thursday, February 7, 1828, 1828 [bk]
Opinions of Henry Brougham, Esq. on Negro Slavery, 1830 [bk]
[Anon] The Country Without a Government: Or, plain questions upon the unhappy state of the present administration, 1830 [bk]
[Anon] Friendly Advice, most respectfully submitted to the Lords, on the Reform Bill, 1831 [bk]
The Lord Chancellor's Speech on Parliamentary Reform in the House of Lords, Friday, October 7, 1831, 1831 [bk][bk]
Selections from the Speeches and Writings of Lord Brougham, 1832 [bk]
A Discourse of Natural Theology, showing the nature of the evidences and the advantages of the study, 1835 [bk]
[Pseud] Thoughts upon the Aristocracy of England by "Isaac Tomkins" [Brougham], 1835 [bk]
Paley's Natural Theology with Illustrative Notes, (edited with Charles Bell), 1836 v.1, v.2,
Immediate Emancipation: Speech of Lord Brougham in the House of Lords on Tuesday, February 20th, 1838 on Slavery and the Slave-Trade, 1838 [bk]
Speeches of Henry Lord Brougham, upon questions relating to public rights, duties and interests, with historical introductions and a critical dissertation upon the eloquence of the ancients, 1838, v.1, v.2, v.3, v.4
Lord Brougham's Speech in the House of Lords, on Tuesday, February 19, 1839, on moving for a committee of the whole House on the Corn Laws, 1839 [bk]
Lord Brougham's Answer to Lord Londonderry's Letter, 1839 [bk]
Lord Brougham on Education, 1839 (US) [bk]
Opinions of Lord Brougham, 1839 (US) v.1, v.2
"Historical Account of the Discovery of the Composition of Water", 1839, in F. Arago, Life of James Watt, p.131
Dissertations on Subjects of Science connected to Natural Theology, being the concluding volumes of a new edition of Dr. Paley's work, 1839, v.1, v.2
Letter to the Queen on the State of the Monarchy, by a Friend of the People date 1840? [bk]
Letters and Speeches on Various Subjects, 1840 (US), v.1, v.2
(Trans) The Oration of Demosthenes upon the Crown, 1840 [bk]
Opinions of Lord Brougham on politics, theology, law, science, education, literature, &c., 1841 [bk]
The Critical and Miscellaneous Writings of Henry Lord Brougham, 1841 (US), v.1, v.2
Lord Brougham's Speech upon the Ashburton Treaty, delivered in the House of Lords on Friday, 7th April, 1843, 1843 [bk]
Political Philosophy (SDUK) 1842 [bk] [1843-44 ed. v.1, v.2, v.3]
Two Discourses on the objects, advantages and pleasures i. of science, ii. of political science, 1846 [bk] (reprints of 1827 & 1842)
Lives of Men of Letters and Science who flourished in the time of George III, 1846, v.1, v.2, v.3.
Letter to the Marquess of Lansdowne, K.G., Lord President of the Council, On the Late Revolution in France, 1848 [bk]
Speech of Lord Brougham in the House of Lords, August 18, 1848, on the Affairs of Austria and Italy, 1848 [bk]
Analytical View of Sir Isaac Newton's Principia, with E.J. Routh, 1855 [bk]
Contributions to the Edinburgh Review, 1856, v.1, v.2, v.3
Historical Sketches of Statesmen who flourished in the time of George III, Vol. 1 (1839), 1861, Vol. 3
Installation Address of Lord Brougham at Edinburgh, 1860 [bk]
The British Constitution: Its history, structure and working, 1861 [bk]
The Life and Times of Henry Lord Brougham, written by himself, 1871, v.1, v.2, v.3
Letters from Lord Brougham to William Forsyth, 1872 [bk]
Works of Henry Lord Brougham, 1872-73
- v.1 - Lives of Philosophers
- v.2 - Men of Letters
- v.3 - Statesmen v.1
- v.4 - Statesmen v.2
- v.5 - Statesmen v.3
- v.6 - Natural Theology
- v.7 - Dissertations - Rhetorical and Literary
- v.8 - Dissertations - Historical and Political
- v.9 - Speeches, v.1
- v.10 - Speeches v.2
- v.11 - British constitution
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Resources on Henry Brougham

"Optical Remarks, chiefly on the reflexibility of light" by P. Prevost,, 1798, Phil Trans of Royal Society (v.88), p.311 (review of Brougham's theory)
[Observations by the Earl of Lauderdale on the Review of His Inquiry into the Nature and Origins of Public Wealth, Published in the VIIIth Number of the Edinburgh Review, 1804]
English Bards and Scotch Reviewers: A satire, by Lord Byron, 1809 [2nd ed, 1810 3rd ed]
A Letter to Henry Brougham, Esq. M.P. on the Subject of Reform in the Representation of the People in Parliament by William Roscoe, 1811 [bk]
"Art 13 - Orders in Council" by Anon [No attrib], 1812, Edinburgh Review (No. 39, Jul) p.234 (review of Brougham's June 16, 1812 speech)
"Speech of Brougham on Education of the Poor", 1818, Edinburgh Review (Sep, No.60), p.486
A Letter to the Right Hon. Sir Wm. Scott in answer to Mr Brougham's letter to Sir Samuel Romilly upon the abuse of charities, by Anon 1818 [bk]
A Letter to Henry Brougham, Esq., M.P. (on charitable abuses) by John Ireland, D.D., 1818 [bk]
Brougham Reviewed, especially with reference to his conduct in Parliament during the last session, by a Loyal Independent, 1818 [bk]
A Letter to Henry Brougham, Esq., M.P., on certain clauses in the Education Bills now before parliament, by Samuel Butler, 1820 [bk]
"Review of Brougham's Practical Considerations of Education", 1825, Edinburgh Review (Jan, No.82), p.508
A Reply to Mr. Brougham's Practical Observations on the Education &c, by E.W. Grinfield, 1824 [bk]
Reprint of Mr. Campbell's Letter to Mr. Brougham on the subject of a London University, which appeared in "The Times" of Feb. 9, together with suggestions which appeared in the April Number of the New Monthly Magazine, by Thomas Campbell, 1825 [bk]
Mischiefs Exposed a letter addressed to Henry Brougham, Esq., M.P., shewing the inutility, absurdity and impolicy of the scheme developed in his “Practical Observations,” for teaching mechanics and labourers the knowledge of chemistry, mathematics, party and general politics, &c., &c. by Rev. G. Wright, 1826 [bk]
[Anon] The Results of Machinery, namely, cheap production and increased employment, exhibited: being an address to the working-men of the United Kingdom, by Charles Knight, 1831 (SDUK) [bk], [1845 ed]
[Anon] The Rights of Industry: addressed to the working-men of the United Kingdom, Pt. I Capital and Labour, by Charles Knight, 1831 (SDUK) [bk] [1845 ed]
"Defence of Lord Brougham", 1840, The Citizen, (Feb) p.239
"Lives of Modern Statesmen: Lord Brougham", 1842, Dublin Monthly Magazine, c.1 & c.2 (Jan, p.1), c.3 (Feb p.108)
Cyclopaedia of the industry of all nations by Charles Knight, 1851 [bk]
Once Upon a Time by Charles Knight, 1854, v.1, v.2
Knowledge is Power: a view of the productive forces of modern society, and the results of labour, capital, and skill, by Charles Knight, 1855 [bk] [1857 D.A. Wells ed.]
Passages of a Working Life During Half a Century, with a prelude of early reminiscenses by Charles Knight, 1864 v.1, v.2, 1865 v.3
"Life and Character of Henry Brougham", 1831, NAR, p.227 [av]
A Letter to the Right Honourable the Lord Chancellor, the Earl of Harrowby and Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., containing Observations on The Measure of Reform now under consideration of Parliament; in so far as it respects the Executive Government of this Country, by Anon 1832 [bk]
"Speech of Brougham on State of Parties", 1835, Edinburgh Review (Apr, No.123), p.242
A Letter to Isaac Tomkins, Gent. on the Aristocracy of England by Peter Jenkins, 1835 [bk]
A Letter to Isaac Tomkins and Peter Jenkins on Primogeniture by Timothy Winterbottom, 1835 [bk]
Natural Theology Considered, with reference to Lord Brougham's Discourse on that subject, by Thomas Turton, 1836 [bk]
Additional observations on the Discourse of natural theology by Henry Lord Brougham by Thomas Wallace, 1835 [bk]
Reflections of Revealed and Profane Theology, addressed to Rt Hon Lord Brougham, 1836 [bk]
Remarks on an article in the Edinburgh Review, No. 135, on the times of George the Third and George the Fourth, by Sir Herbert Taylor, 1838 [bk]
A Letter to the Lord Brougham & Vaux by Charles William Vane, Marquess of Londonderry, 1839 [bk]
"Memoir of Lord Brougham", 1841?, in Opinions of Lord Brougham, p.1
Memoirs of the Public Life of Lord Brougham, by Anon 1840 [bk]
Memoirs of the Life of Right Honourable Henry Lord Brougham, by J. Harwood 1840 [bk]
A Letter from Lord Denman to Lord Brougham, on the Final Extinction of the Slave-trade, by Thomas Denman, 1848 [2nd ed]
A Second Letter from Lord Denman to Lord Brougham, on the Final Extinction of the Slave Trade, with remarks on a late narrative of the Niger Expedition in 1841, by Thomas Denman 1849 [bk]
Henry Lord Brougham and Vaux: a critical biography by George Henry Francis, 1853 [bk]
Lord Brougham's Acts and Bills, from 1811 to the present time, now first collected and arranged with an analytical review showing their results upon the amendment of the law, by Sir John E. Eardley-Wilmot, 1857 [bk]
"Henry Lord Brougham", by Cyrus Redding, 1868, New Monthly Magazine, p.108
The Life and Career of Henry Lord Brougham by John McGilchrist, 1868 [bk]
Life of the celebrated Lord Brougham, by Landor Praed, 1868 [bk]
Lord Brougham considered as a Lawyer, John H. Ellis 1868 [bk, av]
"Lord Brougham", by Harriet Martineau, Biographical Sketches, 1869
Lives of Lord Lyndhurst and Lord Brougham, Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England by John Lord Campbell, 1869 [bk]
Étude sur Lord Brougham, discours by Franck Chauveau, 1873 [bk, av]
"Lord Brougham" by Vicomte d'Haussonville. 1870, repr. 1879, Études biographiques et littéraires, p.51 [av]
Brougham and his Early Friends: letters to James Loch, 1798-1809, ed. R. Buddle Atkinson and G.A. Jackson, 1908, v.1, v.2, v.3 [av1, av2, av3]
The Work of Lord Brougham for Education in England, by A.M. Gilbert, 1922 [bk, av]
Lord Brougham and the Whig Party by Arthur Aspinall, 1927
Popularizing Classical Economics: Henry Brougham and William Ellis, by W.D. Stockwell, 1994 - extracts
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