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Otto Bauer, 1881-1938.
One of the ablest "Austro-Marxist" theoreticians, the Viennese Otto Bauer is best known for his version of the Marxian theory of "crises", first articulated in his 1904 Neue Zeit article. In his classic 1907 work, Otto Bauer analyzed the connection between nationalism and class conflict. Bauer's 1912 article in the Neue Zeit is perhaps his most famous work, detailing the Marxian scheme of "expanded reproduction" with increasing organic composition of capital (later taken up by Henryk Grossman). In his 1926 book, Bauer severely criticized Kautsky's agrarian policy.
About 1907, Otto Bauer became the leader of the left wing of the Austrian Social Democratic Party (SPÖ) and founded (with Karl Renner), the Austro-Marxist journal, Der Kampf. He served in the early Austrian governments of 1918-19 as foreign secretary.
In the latter part of his life, Bauer would consistently defend the Austro-Marxist idea of "gradual" revolution against the more radical proposition of immediate, Russian-style revolution (e.g. 1923). His latter works (1931, 1936) examined the role of class conflict in the rise of Fascism and post-war capitalism. Bauer was exiled from Austria after 1934, and eventually died in Paris.
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