The Laws of Capitalism - Lectures
Lecture 1 -
Coding Land and Ideas
In this first episode in the Institute for New Economic Thinking's "The
Laws of Capitalism" series, Prof. Katharina Pistor introduces the
concept of the legal "coding" of capital.
Prof. Pistor explains how the law
selectively "codes" certain assets, endowing them with the capacity to
protect and produce private wealth. She illustrates this process with
the historical example of how land became legally coded as property during
the enclosure movement in England. She compares it with more recent attempts to
code traditional indigenous land use rights in Belize.
Prof. Pistor goes on to
explain how even ideas (which are not natural property, in the traditional
rivalrous sense of the term) can nonetheless be made property according to the law.
The institutionalization of copyright and patent law has created an entire
new class of property. How far can it go? She looks at the coding intellectual property in the medical industry, most
notably recent attempts to patent human genes. |
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Resources for Lecture 1 - Coding
Land and Ideas (INET
Video #1)
|
|
Resources online |
- Pistor's books, lectures & other writings
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Resources online
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-
"Coding Capital", INET Animates [animation
video]
- INET's "The Laws of Capitalism" playlist
-
"YSI talk - Laws of Capitalism", Young Scholars Initiative (June
3, 2022) [video]
-
"Keynote Address - the Laws of Capitalism", European Master in
Law & Economics (Feb 18, 2022) [video]
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"3CL webinar - Code of Capital", Cambridge Law Faculty (Oct,
2021), [video]
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"Matrix distinguished lecture - Code of Capital", Social Science
Matrix at UC Berkeley (Sep 2020) [video]
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"Duke Law School lecture - Code of Capital", Duke Law School,
(Jan 2020) [video]
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"Watson Institute lecture - Code of Capital", Watson Institute,
Brown Univesity (Dec 2019) [video]
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"Coding Private Money", INET article (June 3, 2019), [inet]
-
"Ten Years after Bear Stearns, U.S. Financial Stability is again
in Danger", INET article (May 12, 2018) [inet]
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"German Court decision: Legal authority and deep power
implications", INET article (Feb 26, 2014) [inet]
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"America's Debt-Ceiling Debacle", INET article (Oct 22, 2013) [inet]
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"The State, the Market and the Rule of Law", INET conference
paper (Apr 2013) [inet]
- "The Law-Finance Paradox", INET conference paper (Apr, 2013)
[inet]
- "Real vs. Imagined Financial Markets The Regulatory
Challenge", INET conference paper (Apr, 2012) [inet]
Resources (some non-free or restricted)
-
Katharina Pistor (2019) The Code of Capital: How the Law
Creates Wealth and Inequality. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press. [princeton
up,
amzn]
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|
Resources online
-
Belize Constitution - "Part II - Protection of Fundamental
Rights and Freedoms" (1981) [belizelaw]
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Belize Law of Property Act, Ch. 190 (1990) [pdf]
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"Aurelio Cal, et al. v. Attorney General of Belize",
Supreme Court of Belize (Claims No. 171 and 172 of 2007) (18
Oct, 2007), [elaw]
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"Belize Government Continues to Ignore Maya Land Rights Despite
Court of Appeal Ruling", Cultural Survival, (Sep 4, 2013)
[cultsurv]
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"Maya Win Unprecedented Land Rights in Belize at International
Courts", Cultural Survival (Jun, 2015) [cultsurv]
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"Maya Peoples Win Lawsuit against Belize Government for
Violating Land Rights", Cultural Survival (June 23, 2021) [cultsurv]
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- Enclosure movement in England
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Resources online
-
Karl Marx (1867) "Chapter 27 - The Expropriation of the
Agricultural Population from the Land", Capital, [mrx,
pdf]
-
Gilbert Slater (1907) The English peasantry and the enclosure
of common fields. [av]
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Howard Gray (1915) English Field Systems [av,
pdf]
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Harriett Bradley (1918) The Enclosures in England: an
Economic Reconstruction. [av,
pdf]
-
D.N. McCloskey (1975). "Economics of enclosure: a market
analysis", in W.N. Parker & E.L. Jones, editors, European
Peasants and their Markets: essays in Agrarian Economic History.
pp. 123. [pdf]
-
"A Short History of the Enclosure Movement in England" Simon
Fairlie, The Land, [land,
hampton]
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"Enclosure" [wiki]
-
"The Commodification of a Blade of Grass: History of Enclosure
in England" by Maggie Shaw, at WTHistory [wth]
Resources (non-free or restricted)
-
D. N. McCloskey (1972) "The Enclosure of Open Fields: Preface to
a Study of its Impact on the Efficiency of English Agriculture
in the Eighteenth Century", JEH, p.15 [jstor]
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J.R. Wordie (1983) "The Chronology of English Enclosure,
1500-1914", EHR, p.483 [jstor]
-
G. Clark & A. Clark (2001) "Common Rights to Land in England,
1475-1839", Journal of Economic History, p.1009 [jstor].
-
Briony McDonagh (2013) "Making and Breaking Property:
Negotiating Enclosure and Common Rights in Sixteenth-Century
England", History Workshop Journal. [jstor]
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- Blackstone's Commentaries
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Resources online
- William Blackstone [britannica,
mtsu,
oll,
wiki]
- Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England
(1765), section "Book I - ch.1 - of the absolute rights of
Individuals, (sec.3 on right of property)" [1765, Bk.1,
p.134; see also
p.140] [1850 ed,
p.139, 1916 ed,
p.139], [html:
1: 134], "Book II - ch.1 - On Property, in general" [1765,
Bk.2,
p.1] [1916 ed,
p.1] [aval,
lib]
|
|
Resources online
- John Locke (1690) Two Treatises of Government, in the former, the false principles and
foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and his followers, are detected and
overthrown; the latter, is an essay concerning the original, extent, and
end, of Civil Government, 1690 - "Book II, Ch.5 - Of Property"
[1698 ed,
2,5; 1821 ed,
2.5]
HET pages
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- US, European & German Constitutions
|
Resources online
-
United States Constitution [aval,
bill] - 5th Amendment [aval,
const], 14th Amendment [aval,
const]
-
European Convention on Human Rights (EHCR), Article 1 of
Protocol No. 1 [guide]
-
Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany [gesetz]
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- Intellectual Property Rights (Copyright & Patent)
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Resources online
|
|
Resources online
-
"Opinion - My Medical Choice" by Angelina Jolie, New York
Times (May 14, 2013) [NYT]
-
Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics,
US Supreme Court (June 13, 2013) [pdf]
-
"Supreme Court to Myriad Genetics: Synthetic DNA is Patentable
but Isolated Genes Are Not", by Tobin Klusty and Richard
Weinmeyer, AMA Journal of Ethics (Sep 2015) [jethics]
-
"Supreme Court Strikes Down BRCA Gene Patent", ABC News (June
13, 2013) [abc]
-
"Patenting Genes: What Does Association for Molecular Pathology
v. Myriad Genetics Mean for Genetic Testing and Research?", by
Lara Cartwright-Smith, 2014, Public Health Report [nih]
-
Myriad Genetic Tests [myriad]
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↑ Lecture 1 |
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List
Lecture 2 -
Coding Debt
In this second episode in the Institute for New Economic Thinking's "The
Laws of Capitalism" series, Prof. Katharina Pistor explains how the law
codes debt.
Prof. Pistor examines how the law has accompanied the evolution of
negotiable debt instruments, from the simple IOU, to bills of exchange
in Medieval Genoa, to securitized assets in the modern day and on to
derivatives. She examines the securitization of mortgage debt in
the modern United States in the lead-up to the financial crisis of 2008.
The legal code has been essential in the transformation of humble IOUs
into elaborate financial contracts, and the creation of an entire
finance industry. |
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Resources for Lecture 2 - Coding
Debt (INET
Video #2)
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Resources online
- "Creditum" from WordSense [wsense]
- "Collateral: definition, types and examples" from
Investopedia [ipedia]
- "Global Debt Reaches a Record $226 Trillion", by Vitor
Gaspar et al, IMF (Dec 15, 2021) [imf]
- "Global GDP" [wbank]
|
|
Resources online
- "Bill of Exchange", Investopedia [ipedia]
- 1698 Inland Bills Act [9
& 10 William III c.17] - recognizes negotiability of bills
of exchange (endorsement and assignment of bills to third
parties).
- 1704 Promissory Notes Act [3
& 4 Anne c.9] - recognizes negotiability of promissory
notes.
- Cuthbert W. Johnson (1839) The Law of Bills of Exchange, Promissory Notes, Checks, &c. [bk]
- history of bills of exchange [ch.1]
- acts of Acts of Parliament (1381-1837) relating to bills of exchange
[list,
p.87]
- M.D. Chalmers (1878) A Digest of the Law of Bills of
Exchange, Promissory Notes, Cheques and Negotiable Securities.
[1878
ed] [1909 7th
ed]
- 1882 Bills of Exchange Act [45
& 46 Victoria c.61] - codifying common law on bills of
exchange
- J.D. McGinnis (1986) "Statute Law and the Owl of Minerva -
the Bills of Exchange Act of 1882" Alberta Law Review [pdf].
- "Bills of Exchange, Promissory Notes and Other Independent
Payment Undertakings", presentation by Simon Cook and Sam
Fowler-Holmes, 27 July 2017, Sullivan & Worcester [ppt]
Resources (non-free or restricted)
- James Steven Rogers (1995) The Early History of the Law
of Bills and Notes: A Study of the Origins of Anglo-American
Commercial Law. [Cambridge
UP, jstor]
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- Fannie Mae, Ginie Mae & Freddie Mac
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Resources online
- "How Mortgages Work" at How Stuff Works [hsw]
- Fannie Mae - Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA,
f.1938) [site,
charter,
ipedia]
- Ginnie Mae - Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA,
f.1968) [site,
charter,
ipedia]
- Freddie Mac — Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp (FHLMC,
f.1970) [site,
charter,
ipedia]
- "Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac: overview", Investopedia [ipedia]
- "About Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac" at Federal Housing
Finance Agency (FHFA) [fhfa]
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Resources online |
|
HET pages
- New Century mortgage brokers [wiki]
- "New Century files for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy", Reuters (Apr
2, 2007) [reuters]
- "The Story of a Mortgage Security: Inside CMLTI 2006-NC2" [fcic]
- Citigroup & MBS in 2006-07 "Statement of Facts" [pdf]
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- Financial Crisis of 2007-08
|
HET pages
- "The 2007-08 Financial Crisis in review", from Investopedia
[ipedia]
- "Subprime Crisis of 2007-08" handout at INET ED [ineted]
- Financial Crisis 2007-11 timeline at New York Fed [nyfrb]
- Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC) [fcic]
- Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, 2011 [fcic,
govinfo]
- "Bailed out Banks" at CNN money [cnn]
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↑ Lecture 2 |
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List
Lecture 3 -
Firms
In this third episode in the Institute for New Economic Thinking's "The
Laws of Capitalism" series, Prof. Katharina Pistor explains how the law
codes firms.
Prof. Pistor examines how the law has accompanied the evolution of
private business enterprises, from their early roots as simple
partnership agreements of temporary duration, to colonial joint-stock companies in
the 17th C. with state charters granting them the legal status of
corporations (or legal persons), and the eventual introduction of general incorporation
statutes in the 19th C. simplifying the creation of corporations.
The law enabled the corporation to become the dominant form of business
organization in 20th C. capitalism. Was it a superior form of
organization, or simply another way to create new wealth? Prof.
Pistor takes up the case study of Lehman Brothers, and explains how its
organization as a holding company allowed shareholders to profit, while
leaving debt-strapped subsidiaries to flounder. Lehman harnessed the
corporate structure created by law to build a house of cards.
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Resources for Lecture 3 - Firms
(INET
Video #3)
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Resources online
- "Partnership" at Corporate Finance Institute [cfi]
- "Partnership" at Investopedia [ipedia]
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- Incorporation and "Legal person"
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Resources online
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- History of law of corporations
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Resources online
- Samuel Williston (1888) "History of the Law of Business
Corporations before 1800", Harvard Law Review [two parts,
pdf1,
pdf2]
- Frank Evans (1908) "The Evolution of the English Joint Stock
Limited Trading Company", Columbia Law Review [two
parts, pdf1,
pdf2]
- Frederick C. Kempen Jr, (1960) "Limited Liability in
Historical Perspective", American Business Law Association
Journal [pdf]
- R.W. Hillman (1997) "Limited Liability In Historical
Perspective", 54 Wash. & Lee Law Review, p.615 [wash&lee,
pdf].
- "A Brief History of the Corporate Form and Why it Matters",
by Tyler Halloran, 2018, Fordham Law [fordham]
Resources (non-free or restricted)
- Lawrence M. Friedman (1973) "The Law of Corporations",
History of American Law, (2019 4th ed., p.495) [oxfordup].
|
|
Resources online
- John Patterson Davis (1905) Corporations: A study of the origin and
development of great business combinations and of their relation to the
authority of the state,
v.1,
v.2 [av1,
av2] - East
India Company (EIC, f.1600) (p.114)
- William Robert Scott (1910-12) The Constitution and Finance of English,
Scottish and Irish Joint-stock Companies to 1720, v.2 - East India
Trade [p.89,
av2]
- Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie,
VOC, f.1602) database website (in Dutch) [voc]
- "Joint-stock company" at Investopedia [ipedia]
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- General incorporation statutes
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Resources online
- New York State "Act Relative to Incorporations for
Manufacturing Purposes of 1811", NY Laws (sess. 34, c.67) [text,
text] - first general statute allowing a business to file
articles of incorporation, without requiring them to petition
the legislature for specific
charter (capital limit of $100,000, duration of 20 years)
- English Joint-Stock Companies Act of 1844 (7
& 8 Victoria c.110) - authorizes the formation of
joint-stock corporations by registration.
- New York State corporation act of 1848 [text]
- lifting the capital restrictions of 1811.
- Massachusetts corporation act of 1851 [text]
- first with no duration limits (corporations can be perpetual).
- New Jersey statutes of 1888-89,
first to allow mergers & holding
companies (companies owning other companies).
- NJ Laws 1888 c.29 at
p.445 [rut]
(Apr 17, 1888) - allowing NJ corporations to merge & own stock in other
corporations
- NJ Laws 1889 c.265 at
p.412 [rut]
(May 9, 1889) - allowing NJ corporations to operate out-of-state.
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|
Resources online
- "A Brief History of Delaware's General Corporation Law of
1899" by Joel Seligman, 1976, Delaware Journal of Corporate
Law. [pdf]
- Delaware Division of Corporations [delaware]
- "Delaware Corporation" [ipedia]
|
|
Resources online
- "Shareholders"
and "Shareholder
rights" at Investopedia
- "What are the rights of shareholders in a corporation?" at
UpCounsel [upc]
- "The Fundamental Rights of a Shareholder" by Julian Velasco,
2006, UC Davis Law Review [pdf]
- "The Long View: The Role of Shareholder Proposals in Shaping
U.S. Corporate Governance (2000-2018)" by Kosmas Papadopoulos,
2019, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance [hvdlaw]
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- Types of business organization
|
Resources online
- "Choose your business structure" at US Small Business
Administration [sba]
- "Types of Businesses" at CFI [cfi]
- "Major forms of business organization", Indeed [indeed]
- "Holding
company" at Investopedia.
|
|
Resources online
- "Lehman Brothers" at CFI [cfi]
- "Lehman
Brothers" and "Collapse
of Lehman" at Investopedia.
- "Lehman Brothers" at Wikipedia [wiki]
- Lehman Brothers Holding Inc. filing for Chapter 11
bankruptcy (Sep 15, 2008), NY SD case [site]
- "History credits Lehman Brothers’ collapse for the 2008
financial crisis. Here's why that narrative is wrong" by David
Skeel, 2008, Brookings Institute [brookings].
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↑ Lecture 3 |
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List
Lecture 4 -
The Tool Kit
In this fourth episode in the Institute for New Economic Thinking's "The
Laws of Capitalism" series, Prof. Katharina Pistor surveys the
institutions involved in the process of connecting legal codes to
capital.
Prof. Pistor begins with the four essential attributes of capital - priority,
durability, universality, and convertibility. These are essential to
ensure that an asset generates wealth for its owner, i.e. becomes
capital. She then turns
her attention to the question, "How are assets legally coded as
capital?". The answer is through the legal institutions. They
end up constructing certain bodies of law to that end - property,
collateral,
trust, corporate, bankruptcy and contract law.
Private owners of capital can harness the centralized means of coercion
(like litigating in State courts) to make their rights effective.
But it can also be pursued in a more decentralized fashion, with parties
picking the law and the forum. Prof. Pistor surveys the various venues where legal claims are
pursued, but also where law is constructed. The law is not always handed
down from above, but often emerges from below, sometimes outside the
courts. The law and legal institutions are not static, but evolve and expand by an
incremental process, usually driven by interested parties. It need not
be by legislation - they can change the meaning of a law by
renegotiating its interpretation and application. |
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Resources for Lecture 4 - The Tool
Kit (INET
Video #4)
|
|
Resources online
- "Capital" at Investopedia [ipedia]
- "Nominal value" at Investopedia [ipedia]
- Thorstein Veblen (1908) "On the Nature of Capital", QJE,
v.22 (Aug)
p.517 [js]
- Thorstein Veblen (1908) "On the Nature of Capital:
Investment, Intangible Assets and the Pecuniary Magnate", 1908,
QJE, v.23 (Nov),
p.104 [js]
- John R. Commons (1924) The Legal Foundations of Capitalism, 1924. [bk, McM]
Resources (some non-free or restricted)
-
Katharina Pistor (2019) The Code of Capital: How the Law
Creates Wealth and Inequality. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press. [princeton
up,
amzn] - "Ch.1 - Empire of Law", p.13-15.
HET pages
|
|
Resources online
- "Property" at Cornell Legal Information Institute [lii]
- "English property law" at Wikipedia [wiki]
- Henry St. Clair Feilden (1892) A Short Constitutional
History of England. "ch.6 - The Land" (p.196)
on early land tenures
Resources (some non-free or restricted)
- John H. Baker (1971) An Introduction to English Legal
History. "Part II - Real property" [1979 2nd ed, non-free
av]
|
|
Resources online
- "Collateral" at Cornell LII [lii]
- "Collateral" at Investopedia [ipedia]
|
|
Resources online
|
|
Resources online
- "Corporation" at Cornell LII [lii]
|
|
Resources online
- "Bankruptcy" at Cornell LII [lii]
- "Bankruptcy" at Investopedia [ipedia]
- "History of Bankruptcy Law" at Wikipedia [wiki]
|
|
Resources online
- "Contract" at Cornell LII [lii]
|
- Centralized means of coercion
|
Resources online
- Max Weber (1919) "Politik als Beruf" [bk; av]
[English trans. "Politics as a Vocation", 1946
av,
pdf]
- Max Weber (1922) Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft:Grundriss
der verstehenden Soziologie [German: free bk,
av], [English
1978 trans.
Economy and
Society: An outline of interpretative sociology (ed. Guenther Roth &
Claus Winch) [English non-free
av]; "coercion" passage on p.314 [av]
HET pages
|
- Accessing courts (civil procedure)
|
Resources online
- "What is legal standing?" [pdf]
- "Civil procedure" at Cornell LII [lii]
- "Civil procedure" in Wikipedia [wiki]
- "Natural Person" at Legal Dictionary [legdict]
- "Artificial Person" at Cornell LII [lii]
- "Legal person" at Cornell LII [lii]
|
|
Resources online
- Thorstein Veblen (1899) The
Theory of the Leisure Class: an economic study of institutions, 1899
[1902
repr, 1934 repr, av] [McM;
gut]
- John R. Commons (1924) The Legal Foundations of Capitalism, 1924. [bk, McM]
(capital as intangible "present value of expected benefit",
p.28)
- John R. Commons (1934) Institutional economics :
its place in political economy. [non-free
av] (on "working rules of society", p.58,
av).
Resources (non-free or restricted)
- Geoffrey M. Hodgson (2009) "On the Institutional Foundations
of Law: The Insufficiency of Custom and Private Ordering",
Journal of Economic Issues (Mar), p.143 [jstor]
HET pages
|
|
Resources online
- "9 charts that explain the history of global wealth" (from
Piketty), 2014, Vox [vox]
|
|
Resources online
- Hyman Minsky (1986) Stabilizing an Unstable Economy.
[pdf]
- "Everyone can create money; the problem is to get it accepted"
(p.79)
HET pages
|
|
Resources online
- "The Cayman Islands – A Jurisdiction of Choice for
High-Net-Worth Individuals and Family Offices", 2021,
ImpactWealth [iwealth]
- "Derivatives and Bankruptcy Safe Harbors", Holland & Night
Newsletter [hklaw]
- "Which country's law applies?" at E-justice Europe [ejustice]
|
- Real Seat theory (Sitztheorie)
|
Resources online
- "Real Seat theory versus incorporation theory", Europa.eu [pdf]
- "The End of the Real Seat Theory (Sitztheorie): the European
Court of Justice Decision in Ueberseering of 5 November 2002 and
its Impact on German and European Company Law", by Kilian Baelz
and Teresa Baldwin (2002), German Law Journal [cambridgeup,
lawteacher].
- Manuela Schweizer (2007) "Seat theory versus incorporation
theory: An analysis of the ECJ's jurisdiction and its
implications" [grin]
|
|
Resources online
- "Arbitration" at Cornell LII [lii]
- "The growing use of mandatory arbitration", by
Alexander Colvin, 2017, EPI [epi]
- "U.S. House Passes Bill Banning Mandatory Arbitration
Agreements", Bloomberg (Mar 17, 2022) [bloomberg]
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↑ Lecture 4 |
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List
Lecture 5 -
Masters of the Code
In this fifth episode in the Institute for New Economic Thinking's "The
Laws of Capitalism" series, Prof. Katharina Pistor explains the role of
private lawyers in coding capital.
Prof. Pistor explains how Private Attorneys are the Masters of the Code.
Despite the fact that the State and juridical precedent establishes the
law, it is private attorneys who find the flaws, loopholes, or
inaccuracies in the legal code. She goes through the history of
private lawyers in England, Prussia, France, and their emergence in the American
legal system. We find the importance of private lawyers in shaping
and molding the legal code over time. She ends the episode by reflecting
on the vast amounts of wealth private law firms, and lawyers create today. With a specific reference to the delicate relationship between
the UK’s Magic Circle of Firms and Russian Oligarchs. |
|
Resources for Lecture 5 - Masters of
the Code (INET
Video #5)
|
- History of private lawyers
|
Resources online
- James Willard Hurst (1967) "Lawyers in American Society
1750-1966", Marquette Law Review [pdf]
- Robert W. Gordon (2019) "Lawyers, the Legal Profession &
Access to Justice in the United States: A Brief History",
Daedalus [daed]
- J. Gordon Hylton (1998) "The Bar Association Movement in
Nineteenth Century", Marquette Law Review [pdf]
Resources (non-free or restricted)
- Arnald J. Kanning (2007) "The Emergence of a European
Private Law: Lessons from 19th Century Germany", Oxford J of
Legal Studies [jstor]
|
- Lawyers as value-creators
|
Resources online
- Ronald J. Gilson (1984) "Value Creation by Business Lawyers:
Legal Skills and Asset Pricing" Columbia Law School archive, [pdf]
- Ronald J. Gilson (1998) "Lawyers as Transaction Cost
Engineers", New Palgrave, [pdf]
|
|
Resources online
- Susan Katcher (2006) "Legal Training in the United States: A
brief history", Wisconsin Journal of International Law [pdf]
- "History of Harvard Law School & Harvard University - list
of resources", Harvard Law School Library [hvdlaw]
- The Harvard Law School by Eliot Norton (c.1900) [bk]
- Association of American Law Schools, AALS [aals]
|
|
Resources online
- US Judiciary Act [1st Cong, sess 1, ch.20 / 1 Stat
93] of September 24, 1789
- "Federal Judicial History" at Federal Judicial Center [fjc]
- "Federal Courts" at FJC [fjc]
|
|
Resources online
- "Commerce Clause" at Cornell LII [lii]
|
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
|
Resources online
- US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) [sec]
- "No Action Letter" at Investor.gov [inv]
|
|
Resources online
- Gregory v. Helvering (1935) [justia]
- Assaf Lifhovski (2003) "The Duke and the Lady: Helvering V.
Gregory and the History of Tax Avoidance Adjudication", [ssrn]
- "Jeff Bezos’s date with Boris Johnson didn’t prove all that
taxing" by David Mitchell, Guardian (Sep 26, 2021) [guardian]
|
|
Resources online
- "Legal Ethics" at Cornell LII [lii]
- "Legal Ethics" at Duke Law [duke]
- "Model Rules of Professional Conduct" at American Bar
Association (BA) [aba]
Resources (non-free or restricted)
- Deborah Rhode et al. (2016) Legal Ethics. [av]
- Anthony T. Kronman (1993) The Lost Lawyer : failing
ideals of the legal profession [av]
|
|
Resources online
- "Law firms in the US - market size, 2003-2022" Ibis World [ibisw]
Resources (non-free or restricted)
- "Total Revenue of leading Law firms in the US", Statista [statista]
- "Global 200 Law firms ranked by revenue" [law]
- "Global 100: richest law firms in the world" Above the Law,
2021 [abl]
- "Entry-Level Lawyers Are Now Making $200,000 a Year",
Wall Street Journal (Jun 12, 2021) [wsj]
|
|
Resources online
- William D. Henderson & Arthur S. Henderson (2016) "The
Changing Economic Geography of Large U.S. Law Firms", Mauer
School of Law, Indiana Univ. [pdf]
|
|
Resources online
- D. Daniel Sokol (2007) "Globalization of Law Firms: A Survey
of the Literature and a Research Agenda for Further Study",
Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies. [pdf]
- Laurel S. Terry (2008) "The Legal World Is Flat:
Globalization and its Effect on Lawyers Practicing in Non-Global
Law Firms", Northwestern J of Intl Law & Business. [pdf]
- "Globalization’s effect on the Legal Industry", Yale Tribune
(Feb 13, 2018) [yaletrib]
- David B. Wilkins, David M. Trubek and Byron Fong (2020)
"Globalization, Lawyers, and Emerging Economies: The Rise,
Transformation, and Significance of the New Corporate Legal
Ecosystem in India, Brazil, and China", Harvard Intl Law
Journal, p.281 [pdf]
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Resources online
- "Mergers & Acquisitions" at Cornell LII [lii]
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- Magic circle of London law firms
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Resources online
- CityUK: Legal Services Report 2021 [cityuk]
- Marc Galanter & Simon Roberts (2008) "From kinship to magic
circle: the London commercial law firm in the twentieth
century", Intl Journal of Legal Profession (Nov), p.143 [pdf]
- "Magic Circle Law Firms: The Ultimate Guide", Lawyer Portal
[lawyerportal]
- "London Lawyers Say ‘No Comment’ on Links to Rich Russian
Clients", Bloomberg Law (Mar 2, 2022) [bloomberg]
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↑ Lecture 5 |
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List
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